A “systematic” attack indicates a pattern or methodical plan. “Widespread” refers to the scale of the acts or number of victims. Under the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court (ICC), crimes against humanity are serious specified offenses that are knowingly committed as part of a widespread or systematic attack against any civilian population. This report sets forth the factual basis for that conclusion, assessing available information about Chinese government actions in Xinjiang within the international legal framework. Research by Stanford Law School’s Human Rights & Conflict Resolution Clinic and Human Rights Watch, along with reports by human rights organizations, the media, activist groups, and others, and internal Chinese Communist Party (CCP) documents, show that the Chinese government has committed-and continues to commit-crimes against humanity against the Turkic Muslim population. In May 2014, the Chinese government launched the “Strike Hard Campaign against Violent Terrorism” (严厉打击暴力恐怖活动专项行动) in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region (Xinjiang or XUAR) against Uyghurs and other Turkic Muslims. Maisumujiang Maimuer, Chinese religious affairs official, August 10, 2017, on a Xinhua Weibo page Completely shovel up the roots of “two-faced people,” dig them out, and vow to fight these two-faced people until the end. Break their lineage, break their roots, break their connections, and break their origins.
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